Automatic timepieces exemplify horological engineering, operating without batteries by harnessing energy from your wrist movements. This sophisticated design showcases a blend of traditional craftsmanship and modern innovation, captivating collectors and enthusiasts alike, while highlighting the intricate mechanics behind these remarkable self-winding timepieces.

For a deep dive, check out our article: What Is An Automatic Watch? Self-Winding Movements Explained.

These self-winding mechanisms generate energy with daily wear. The rotor spins on the back of the movement, charging the watch and keeping time without needing a battery. With regular servicing, automatic watches can accurately tell time for decades

Learn more about movement types in our article: Automatic vs. Quartz vs. Mechanical: Watch Movements Explained.

An automatic watch movement is a complex assembly of over 160 microscopic components that work harmoniously to keep precise time. Each part plays a vital role in the watch's functionality and performance, showcasing the intricate craftsmanship involved in horology. Here are the key components and their functions:

Most automatic watches offer a power reserve of 36-48 hours. If not worn daily, be prepared for your watch to require manual winding or resetting after several days. Understanding your watch's power reserve helps you manage its usage effectively.

For winding a self-winding watch, hold the watch head in your left hand and use your thumb and index finger to turn the crown upward about 30 times. Some timepieces may require you to unscrew the crown first. Most modern automatics feature a slipping mainspring to prevent over-winding, allowing safe winding without risk of damage. If you haven’t worn your watch for a day or two, manual winding is likely needed to ensure accurate timekeeping.

Proper time and date setting are crucial to maintaining the accuracy and longevity of your watch. Avoid turning the crown backward if you overshoot the time, and do not adjust the date during the “danger zone,” as this can damage the date-change mechanism.

To Set the Time: Pull the crown out to time-setting mode. Turn it clockwise to set the minute and hour hands. Ensure that the date changes at midnight, not noon. If you pass your desired time, continue rotating forward to reach it.

To Set the Date: Pull the crown to the date-setting position and rotate it clockwise. Avoid setting the date between 8 PM and 4 AM, as this can damage the date mechanism.

Regularly winding your watch and wearing it frequently will keep it functioning optimally. Familiarize yourself with the watch’s crown and its functions for setting the time and date accurately. Following the guidelines outlined above will maximize your watch's functionality and longevity.

If your automatic watch is water-resistant, always ensure the crown is fully pushed in or screwed down before exposing it to water. Check the ATM rating for water resistance and have it tested regularly to ensure the seal remains effective, especially after repairs.

Water resistance is measured in ATM (atmospheres) or meters, with 1 ATM equal to 10 meters of pressure.

3 ATM (30m): Splash-resistant, not suitable for swimming or bathing
5 ATM (50m): Can handle showering or light swimming
10 ATM (100m): Suitable for swimming and snorkelling
20 ATM (200m): Ideal for diving

Keeping your automatic watch clean is key to maintaining its performance and appearance. Dirt and sweat can build up over time, potentially affecting the movement and causing wear. Regular cleaning prevents corrosion, ensures smooth operation, and extends the watch's lifespan. A quick wipe after wear and periodic professional cleaning will help protect your investment.

Regular Cleaning: Wipe down your watch with a soft, lint-free cloth to maintain its appearance and remove dirt or moisture buildup. This simple routine helps prevent debris accumulation around the crown and case, which can impact performance.

Deep Cleaning: Consider having your watch professionally cleaned as part of regular servicing every 3 to 5 years, especially if it’s frequently exposed to sweat, dust, or other contaminants.

Proper storage is key to preserving your watch. Keep it in a dedicated luxury watch box to minimize dust exposure. Store your automatic watch in a cool, dry place, away from extreme temperatures, humidity, and direct sunlight, which can damage the movement and affect its performance. For daily use, a watch stand or watch tray keeps your timepiece organized and protected. If you have multiple watches, consider using a watch winder to ensure they keep running smoothly and prevent the lubricants from settling, which can affect accuracy.

Since automatic watches rely on wrist movement to wind the mainspring and power the watch, a winder simulates this motion to ensure the watch continues to function properly. When placed inside the winder, the watch rotates periodically, preventing the lubricants inside the movement from settling, which can affect accuracy. Make sure the winder’s settings are compatible with your watch’s specific movement, as different movements may require different winding directions or rotations. Using a watch winder helps maintain your watch’s performance and reduces the need for frequent manual winding.

To ensure your automatic watch remains in top condition, follow a consistent care routine that includes regular cleaning, proper storage, and timely servicing. Make sure to wipe your watch after each wear and avoid exposing it to harsh elements. It’s essential to have your watch professionally serviced every 3 to 5 years to keep it running accurately. This servicing includes cleaning, lubrication, and necessary adjustments to maintain performance and prevent costly repairs down the road.

For detailed care tips and best practices, check out our Automatic Watch Care Guide.

Automatic watches embody centuries of horological craftsmanship, offering not just functionality but also a deep connection to watchmaking traditions. They require no batteries and are powered by the kinetic energy generated by your wrist's movement. Each piece is a testament to artistry, precision engineering, and meticulous craftsmanship. This makes them cherished possessions for enthusiasts who value the blend of tradition and modernity.

Looking for your first automatic watch? Check out our guide on 9 Expert Tips For Buying Your First Automatic Watch.